Traceability of lake pollution based on aqueous fluorescence fingerprint method: A case study of Lake Gehu, Taihu Basin

随着社会经济和城市化进程的快速发展,湖泊水环境污染问题日益突出,加剧了湖泊原有功能的退化和丧失,因此污染治理成为了湖泊功能恢复和可持续发挥的必要条件,但如何实现污染精准溯源又是污染治理的重要前提。为此,本文以太湖流域滆湖为例,采用一种新兴技术--水质荧光指纹法开展湖泊污染溯源。于2021年累计采集滆湖周边70个农业、13个生活、3个企业排口的瞬时出水构建污染源荧光指纹库,连续12个月采集滆湖湖体8个样点水样分析水体荧光组分。通过平行因子分析共解析出4种污染源指纹和滆湖5种水体组分,经荧光相似度(塔克同余系数)分析进一步明确滆湖主要受到种植业面源、生活源和工业源的影响。此外,荧光强度与叶绿素a浓度和藻密度的强相关性表明藻类繁殖活动也会影响滆湖。从不同污染源对滆湖的时空影响特征来看,种植业面源主要在春、夏季影响西部、中部水域,生活源主要在夏、冬季影响西部、北部水域,工业源主要在特定月份(3-4月、10-12月)影响西部水域,藻类繁殖活动主要在夏季影响湖体。通过荧光组分与水质参数的时空相关性分析得到农业源和总磷、总氮,生活源和氨氮、有机物参数(BOD5、CODCr、CODMn),藻类繁殖活动和Chl.a、藻密度,工业源和Cu、Zn分别呈现出强相关性,表明荧光指纹法在水质溯源方面也有一定潜力。研究结果既可为滆湖当地的环境管理部门提供有价值的污染源信息,也可为其他湖泊开展污染溯源工作提供技术参考。;With the rapid development of social economy and urbanization process, problems water environmental pollution is become increasingly prominent for lakes, aggravating degradation loss original lake functions. Therefore, control has a necessary condition restoration sustainable However, how to accurately identify sources an important prerequisite control. For this purpose, paper takes Lake Gehu as example, adopts emerging technology called aqueous fluorescence fingerprint method trace pollution. In 2021, instantaneously drained off from 70 agricultural, 13 domestic 3 industrial outfalls around was collected build database sources. The samples at 8 sites were consecutive 12 months analysis fluorescent components Gehu. Through parallel factor analysis, 4 kinds source fingerprints 5 obtained. Based on similarity (Tucker Congruence Coefficient) it further determined that mainly affected by cropping non-point source, source. addition, strong correlation among intensity, chlorophyll-a concentration algal density indicated reproduction activity could also make impact From perspective spatio-temporal characteristics in different Gehu, western central regions spring summer. northern summer winter. region specific (March April, October December). result quality parameters showed total nitrogen, phosphorus, ammonia organic matter (BOD5, CODCr, CODMn), chlorophyll-a, density, Cu, Zn correlations respectively, indicating had potential reliable tool tracing lakes. research results can provide not only valuable information local management department but technical reference other lakes carry out traceability